The Almighty Cervix: Cervix 101

Photo by HelloAlyMay

Written by Shay Gabriel

The almighty cervix. Where even is it? What does it actually do? ⁠It’s Cervical Health Awareness Month, so let’s cover some fast facts!

Cervix 101⁠

The cervix sits between the uterus and vagina, where it serves as a protective barrier between the two. The cervix produces mucus that protects both the uterus and vagina from bacteria.

Hormonal changes affect this cervical mucus, as well as the location, firmness, and openness of the cervix. Yes, the cervix moves! It can move up and down, open and close. It can feel soft or firm to the touch. All of these cervical changes are normal parts of a menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and childbirth. If you regularly check your cervix throughout your cycle, chances are you are especially familiar with these changes.

The cervix facilitates the necessary conditions for menstruation, fertility, and pregnancy to occur and opens and closes as needed. When it’s time to give birth, the cervix becomes dilated and effaced—in other words, it opens, stretches, and thins to allow the baby to move from the uterus, through the cervix, and out the vagina.

If you own a cervix, you can help prevent cervical cancer with regular screenings. The CDC's National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program even offers free or low-cost screenings for eligible individuals with low income or without health insurance. Learn more at the CDC website.

Want to see actual photos of a cervix in various phases? Women’s Health Magazine shares a handful of photos here.

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